Table 2 Hazard ratios for all-cause and cause-specific mortality, according to quintiles of dietary fiber intake in a large prospective cohort study with 14 years of follow-up

Median intake

13.66

18.94

22.49

25.67

31.37

Person-years of follow-up

129728.50

133316.21

134656.65

136001.09

137861.73

All-cause mortality

 Mortality rate (per 1000 person-years)

19.9

16.4

14.6

14.5

15

 Model 1, HR (95% CI)

1

0.87(0.82, 0.92)

0.82 (0.77, 0.87)

0.83 (0.78, 0.88)

0.79 (0.74, 0.84)

< 0.001

 Model 2, HR (95% CI)

1

0.91(0.86, 0.96)

0.88(0.83, 0.93)

0.91(0.86, 0.97)

0.87(0.82, 0.92)

< 0.001

 Model 3, HR (95% CI)

1

0.93(0.87, 0.99)

0.90(0.83, 0.97)

0.95(0.87, 1.03)

0.92(0.82, 1.03)

0.30

All cancer cause

 Mortality rate (per 1000 person-years)

3.1

2.8

2.4

2.7

2.8

 Model 1, HR (95% CI)

1

0.93(0.80, 1.07)

0.82(0.71, 0.96)

0.95(0.82, 1.10)

0.92(0.80, 1.06)

0.40

 Model 2, HR (95% CI)

1

0.95(0.82, 1.10)

0.86(0.74, 0.998)

1.01(0.88, 1.17)

0.99(0.85, 1.15)

0.79

 Model 3, HR (95% CI)

1

0.91(0.78, 1.07)

0.81(0.67, 0.98)

0.94(0.76, 1.16)

0.87(0.66, 1.15)

0.45

GI cancer cause

 Mortality rate (per 1000 person-years)

1.7

1.4

1.2

1.4

1.6

 Model 1, HR (95% CI)

1

0.82(0.67, 0.99)

0.71(0.58, 0.87)

0.87(0.72, 1.06)

0.90(0.74, 1.09)

0.52

 Model 2, HR (95% CI)

1

0.84(0.69, 1.01)

0.74(0.60, 0.91)

0.93(0.76, 1.13)

0.98(0.80, 1.19)

0.81

 Model 3, HR (95% CI)

1

0.80(0.64, 1.00)

0.69(0.53, 0.89)

0.85(0.64, 1.12)

0.85(0.59, 1.22)

0.53

CVD cause

 Mortality rate (per 1000 person-years)

7.1

5.8

5.3

5.2

5.4

 Model 1, HR (95% CI)

1

0.89(0.80, 0.97)

0.86(0.78, 0.95)

0.89(0.81, 0.99)

0.88(0.80, 0.98)

0.043

 Model 2, HR (95% CI)

1

0.93(0.84, 1.02)

0.93(0.84, 1.03)

0.98(0.89, 1.09)

0.96(0.87, 1.06)

0.81

 Model 3, HR (95% CI)

1

0.97(0.87, 1.08)

0.99(0.86, 1.12)

1.07(0.92, 1.24)

1.09(0.90, 1.32)

0.22

Other cause

 Mortality rate (per 1000 person-years)

6.1

4.6

4.4

4.2

4.4

 Model 1, HR (95% CI)

1

0.79(0.71, 0.87)

0.79(0.71, 0.88)

0.79(0.70, 0.88)

0.77(0.69, 0.86)

< 0.001

 Model 2, HR (95% CI)

1

0.84(0.75, 0.93)

0.87(0.78, 0.97)

0.88(0.79, 0.99)

0.86(0.77, 0.96)

0.06

 Model 3, HR (95% CI)

1

0.83(0.74, 0.94)

0.85(0.74, 0.98)

0.87(0.74, 1.02)

0.84(0.68, 1.03)

0.21