Table 3 Anthropometric changes of placebo and PP groups during the study

Weight

(kg)

Placebo

90 ± 14.18

0.84

89.43 ± 14.24

89.38 ± 14.32

-0.62 ± 1.08

0.38

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

PP

89.56 ± 12.06

86.02 ± 13.51

84.46 ± 12.91

-5.10 ± 2.30

WC

(cm)

Placebo

107.59 ± 8.36

0.11

106.95 ± 8.90

106.54 ± 8.66

-1.05 ± 1.68

0.94

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

PP

111.19 ± 10.4

106.71 ± 11.63

103.61 ± 10.8

-7.57 ± 2.97

BMI

(kg/m²)

Placebo

30.38 ± 4.29

0.25

30.21 ± 4.37

30.17 ± 4.37

-0.20 ± 0.04

0.76

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

PP

31.5 ± 4.21

30.47 ± 4.21

29.67 ± 4.27

-1.82 ± 0.85

Fat mass index

Placebo

8.29 ± 3.59

0.11

7.95 ± 3.72

8.07 ± 3.63

-0.21 ± 0.15

0.33

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

PP

9.58 ± 3.51

8.97 ± 3.39

8.09 ± 3.36

-1.49 ± 0.86

Body water (%)

Placebo

52.85 ± 6.34

0.07

53.81 ± 6.70

53.37 ± 6.43

+ 0.51 ± 0.16

0.23

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

PP

50.30 ± 5.63

50.30 ± 5.57

52.65 ± 5.76

+ 2.35 ± 1.83

Fat Free Mass (kg)

Placebo

65.79 ± 10.55

0.19

66.23 ± 10.42

65.80 ± 10.16

+ 0.01 ± 0.01

0.09

0.004

0.003

< 0.001

PP

62.79 ± 9.64

61.64 ± 10.11

61.89 ± 9.46

− 0.92 ± 0.90

Trunk Fat (%)

Placebo

26.26 ± 7.81

0.43

24.95 ± 8.48

25.62 ± 8.10

− 0.64 ± 0.25

0.84

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

PP

27.63 ± 7.43

26.56 ± 7.22

23.7 ± 8.55

− 3.93 ± 3.07