Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract ameliorates metabolic syndrome risk factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Table 2 Dietary intake changes of placebo and PP groups during the study

Variables	Study groups	Before	P _value	After	P _value*	Changes	P _value**
Energy Kcal	Placebo	2524.83 ± 318.82	0.39	1899.27 ± 301.46	< 0.001	-625.56 ± 131.38	0.56
Energy Kcal	PP	2463.74 ± 264.10	0.39	1820.51 ± 264.75	< 0.001	-643.23 ± 133.53	0.56
Protein (gr)	Placebo	87.90 ± 15.11	0.85	82 ± 21.10	0.26	-5.80 ± 26.9	0.94
Protein (gr)	PP	89.01 ± 24.10	0.85	82.60 ± 16.50	0.22	-6.40 ± 26.5	0.94
Carbohydrate (gr)	Placebo	352.20 ± 59.30	0.15	317.90 ± 61.40	0.01	-34.30 ± 66.30	0.92
Carbohydrate (gr)	PP	374.50 ± 52.60	0.15	341.50 ± 61.10	0.001	-32.90 ± 37	0.92
Fat (gr)	Placebo	71.09 ± 25.90	0.64	66.45 ± 23.30	0.38	-4.60 ± 27.10	0.80
Fat (gr)	PP	73.80 ± 22.05	0.64	67.30 ± 19.70	0.20	-6.50 ± 22.80	0.80
Fiber (gr)	Placebo	18.70 ± 5.70	0.77	16.20 ± 6.30	0.12	− 2.54 ± 8.30	0.35^&
Fiber (gr)	PP	18.37 ± 4.10	0.77	17.70 ± 4.60	0.54	-0.69 ± 5.90	0.35^&
Cholesterol (mg)	Placebo	227.2 ± 105	0.67	217.1 ± 109	0.68	-11.01 ± 135	0.62
Cholesterol (mg)	PP	236.31 ± 91.12	0.67	211.05 ± 103.35	0.28	-25.10 ± 118.05	0.62
Saturated fat (gr)	Placebo	21.87 ± 8.80	0.72	19.37 ± 6.80	0.07	-2.50 ± 6.90	0.13
Saturated fat (gr)	PP	22.73 ± 8.70	0.72	18.05 ± 8.90	0.002	-5.70 ± 8.40	0.13
Vitamin E (mg)	Placebo	8.64 ± 7.15	0.45	6.70 ± 4.40	0.27^#	-1.95 ± 8.90	0.79^&
Vitamin E (mg)	PP	9.96 ± 5.60	0.45	8.40 ± 4.10	0.06^#	-2.52 ± 6.70	0.79^&

Data is presented as Mean ± SD.
P and P^** is extracted from 2 independent sample t test, P * is extracted from Paired t test, unless those with & and # that are extracted from Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon, respectively.
Changes, represent before and after changes in raw model.
gr: Grams; mg: Milligrams; and PP is for the Pomegranate Peel group.

ISSN: 1475-2891