Variables | Low adherence of AHEI (n = 144) | High adherence of AHEI (n = 122) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD |  | |
Macronutrients | Â | Â | Â |
Energy(kcal/d) | 2363.62 ± 490.91 | 2074.48 ± 510.97 | < 0.001 |
Carbohydrates(gr/ day) | 296.38 ± 63.57 | 288.04 ± 73.55 | 0.32 |
Protein(gr/day) | 80.63 ± 13.24 | 77.72 ± 18.62 | 0.15 |
Total fat(gr/day) | 100.57 ± 31.12 | 75.75 ± 24.77 | < 0.001 |
CHOL(gr/day) | 286.45 ± 88.94 | 198.58 ± 75.26 | < 0.001 |
Saturated fat(gr/day) | 34.02 ± 12.51 | 20.64 ± 7.26 | < 0.001 |
Trans fat(gr/day) | 0.0004 ± 0.0009 | 0.0000 ± 0.0001 | < 0.001 |
MUFA(gr/day) | 33.13 ± 11.50 | 24.74 ± 10.98 | < 0.001 |
PUFA(gr/day) | 18.30 ± 8.11 | 14.99 ± 7.95 | 0.001 |
DHA(gr/day)) | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.10 ± 0.13 | 0.007 |
EPA(gr/day | 0.01 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.04 | < 0.001 |
Oleic(gr/day) | 29.78 ± 10.99 | 22.12 ± 10.81 | < 0.001 |
Linoleic(gr/day) | 15.54 ± 7.65 | 12.62 ± 7.53 | 0.002 |
Linolenic(gr/day) | 1.38 ± 0.61 | 0.97 ± 0.55 | < 0.001 |
Total fiber(gr/day) | 34.36 ± 12.78 | 44.58 ± 15.05 | < 0.001 |
Micronutrients | Â | ||
Thiamin(mg/day) | 1.67 ± 0.43 | 1.73 ± 0.60 | 0.30 |
Riboflavin(mg/day) | 1.82 ± 0.39 | 2.02 ± 0.55 | 0.001 |
Niacin(mg/day) | 22.71 ± 5.11 | 22.62 ± 6.47 | 0.90 |
Pantothenic acid(mg/day) | 4.65 ± 0.95 | 4.87 ± 1.26 | 0.12 |
Pyridoxine(mg/day) | 1.76 ± 0.37 | 2.05 ± 0.51 | < 0.001 |
Folic acid(mg/day) | 495.31 ± 115.27 | 568.05 ± 135.23 | < 0.001 |
Cobalamin (mg/day) | 4.23 ± 1.34 | 2.79 ± 1.04 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin K(mg/day) | 325.94 ± 364.86 | 606.29 ± 451.55 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin D(µ/day) | 2.36 ± 1.08 | 1.62 ± 0.86 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin E(mg/day) | 11.76 ± 4.97 | 11.52 ± 4.61 | 0.69 |
Vitamin C(mg/day) | 105.23 ± 69.50 | 177.40 ± 90.47 | < 0.001 |
Biotin(mg/day) | 23.77 ± 6.77 | 29.84 ± 10.53 | < 0.001 |
Retinol(mg/day) | 632.56 ± 233.56 | 807.83 ± 355.69 | < 0.001 |
Lutein (mg/day) | 1964.91 ± 1632.38 | 3540.38 ± 2165.51 | < 0.001 |
lycopene (mg/day) | 2150.40 ± 1724.83 | 3624.58 ± 2090.08 | < 0.001 |
Sodium(mg/day) | 3859.95 ± 862.72 | 3610.37 ± 680.13 | 0.009 |
Potassium(mg/day) | 3548.23 ± 1034.38 | 4640.25 ± 1507.01 | < 0.001 |
Calcium(mg/day) | 1120.75 ± 402.63 | 1440.21 ± 495.18 | < 0.001 |
Iron(mg/day) | 33.36 ± 24.72 | 51.18 ± 31.21 | < 0.001 |
Phosphor(mg/day) | 1359.69 ± 260.59 | 1433.04 ± 356.01 | 0.06 |
Magnesium(mg/day) | 363.55 ± 78.54 | 441.79 ± 137.65 | < 0.001 |
Chromium (mg/day) | 0.08 ± 0.06 | 0.12 ± 0.11 | 0.002 |
Copper (mg/day) | 1.40 ± 0.28 | 1.56 ± 0.45 | 0.001 |
Glucose | 16.41 ± 8.07 | 15.95 ± 4.53 | 0.55 |
Galactose | 1.96 ± 0.97 | 2.14 ± 1.09 | 0.16 |
Fructose | 18.77 ± 9.28 | 18.41 ± 5.40 | 0.69 |
Sucrose | 21.14 ± 8.68 | 19.53 ± 9.67 | 0.15 |