Tertile distribution of energy-adjusted total BCAA intake | |||
---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 |
N | 141 | 141 | 141 |
Age (years) | 34.4 ± 8.1 | 35.7 ± 8.3 | 35.6 ± 7.4 |
< 35 years | 74 (52.5) | 69 (48.9) | 65 (46.1) |
≥ 35 years | 67 (47.5) | 72 (51.1) | 76 (53.9) |
Length of stay (years) | 7.8 ± 5.1 | 7.5 ± 4.6 | 7.7 ± 4.9 |
≤ 4 years | 44 (31.2) | 41 (29.1) | 39 (27.6) |
5–9 years | 49 (33.7) | 59 (41.8) | 62 (44.1) |
≥ 10 years | 48 (34.1) | 41 (29.1) | 40 (28.3) |
Education | |||
Elementary and high school | 44 (31.4) | 42 (30.0) | 44 (31.4) |
College education and above | 97 (68.6) | 99 (70.0) | 97 (68.6) |
Employment status (Yes) | 71 (50.3) | 76 (53.6) | 84 (59.6) |
Ever smoked (Yes) | 12 (8.6) | 9 (6.5) | 15 (10.8) |
Current alcohol use (Yes) | 84 (59.5) | 83 (58.9) | 80 (56.7) |
Vigorous physical activity (Yes) | 31 (22.1) | 22 (15.6) | 26 (18.4) |
History of diabetes* (Yes) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (1.4) | 6 (4.3) |
History of hypertension* (Yes) | 11 (7.9) | 9 (6.4) | 9 (6.4) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 ± 3.8 | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 23.7 ± 4.3 |
≥ 25 kg/m2 | 48 (34.0) | 42 (29.8) | 38 (27.3) |
Waist circumference (cm) | 79.4 ± 8.8 | 79.0 ± 8.8 | 79.7 ± 10.4 |
≥ 80 cm | 60 (42.6) | 63 (44.7) | 55 (39.0) |
Total energy (kcal/d) | 1844.4 ± 799.1 | 1558.1 ± 588.0 | 1810.1 ± 605.8 |
Dietary total BCAA intake (g/d)† | 4.4 ± 1.9 | 8.0 ± 0.8 | 12.5 ± 3.1 |
Isoleucine intake (g/d)† | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 0.8 |
Leucine intake (g/d)† | 1.9 ± 0.8 | 3.6 ± 0.4 | 5.6 ± 1.5 |
Valine intake (g/d)† | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 3.7 ± 0.9 |
MDD-W score | 6.0 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 1.7 | 6.8 ± 1.5 |
TG (mg/dl) | 87.3 ± 44.1 | 90.2 ± 46.6 | 87.9 ± 51.6 |
≥ 150 mg/dl | 13 (9.3) | 14 (10.1) | 14 (10.5) |
TC (mg/dl) | 177.6 ± 33.9 | 184.3 ± 34.2 | 177.1 ± 35.2 |
≥ 200 mg/dl | 35 (25.0) | 44 (31.9) | 32 (23.9) |
HDL-C (mg/dl) | 57.7 ± 13.9 | 59.4 ± 13.8 | 57.0 ± 13.4 |
≤ 50 mg/dl | 42 (30.0) | 30 (21.7) | 41 (30.6) |
LDL-C (mg/dl) | 102.4 ± 31.4 | 106.9 ± 29.7 | 102.5 ± 30.2 |
≥ 130 mg/dl | 23 (16.4) | 30 (21.7) | 23 (17.2) |
Dyslipidaemia‡ (Yes) | 76 (53.9) | 67 (47.5) | 65 (46.1) |