| Quartiles of dp-ucMGP (pmol/L) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Total population | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4a |
Dp-ucMGP (pmol/ xl) (min-max) | 578±410 97-4608 | 258±70 97-366 | 432±41 366-507 | 597±56 508-697 | 1047±581 680-4608 |
n | 405 | 102 | 103 | 102 | 98 |
Age (years)d | 66.8±6.1 | 64.5±6.7 | 66.2±6.1 | 69.0±5.7 | 67.7±4.9 |
Male sex (%)d | 50.9 | 56.9 | 59.2 | 47.1 | 39.8 |
Highb education (%) | 22.0 | 22.5 | 27.2 | 19.2 | 19.8 |
Current smoking (%) | 12.3 | 17.6 | 13.6 | 9.9 | 8.2 |
Physical activity (h/week) | 22.5±17.0 | 22.2±15.7 | 24.0±19.8 | 21.5±17.3 | 22.1±14.8 |
Type 2 diabetes (%) | 30.1 | 34.3 | 27.5 | 27.7 | 32.0 |
Previous CVD (%) | 42.5 | 42.9 | 35.3 | 53.1 | 44.2 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)d | 139±394 | 134±20 | 139±17 | 142±19 | 143±20 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.7±1.0 | 5.6±1.1 | 5.7±1.0 | 5.8±0.9 | 5.8±1.1 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4±0.4 | 1.4±0.4 | 1.4±0.4 | 1.4±0.4 | 1.4±0.4 |
HbA1c (%) | 6.0 ±0.8 | 5.9 ±0.7 | 6.0 ±0.8 | 6.0 ±0.7 | 6.1 ±0.8 |
BMI (kg/m2)d | 27.3±3.5 | 26.3±3.2 | 27.4±3.9 | 27.4±3.2 | 28.3±3.3 |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)d | 63.7±10.2 | 68.1±10.3 | 64.1±9.5 | 61.8±10.5 | 60.6±8.7 |
Echocardiographic measures | |||||
 LVMI (g/m2.7)d | 40.3±11.3 | 38.5±11.4 | 39.2±9.1 | 41.0±11.4 | 42.9±12.7 |
 Ejection fraction (%) | 62.0±8.0 | 61.4±7.3 | 62.6±7.6 | 60.8±8.8 | 63.3±8.0 |
 LAVI (mL/m2)d | 24.7±7.9 | 24.5±6.3 | 22.9±5.7 | 25.0±7.2 | 26.4±11.1 |
 BNP (pg/mL)d | 0.5 [0.2, 0.9] | 0.4 [0.2, 0.7] | 0.3 [0.2, 0.7] | 0.7 [0.4, 1.1] | 0.6 [0.3, 0.9] |
Dietary intake | |||||
 Energy (kcal/day) | 1980±508 | 1970±528 | 2056±512 | 2016±490 | 1875±489 |
 Saturated fat (g/day)c | 31.0±6.4 | 30.4±5.0 | 32.3±7.0 | 30.4±7.2 | 31.2±6.0 |
 Protein (g/day)c,d | 73.3±11.1 | 74.8±12.6 | 75.0±10.0 | 72.2±10.8 | 71.3±10.4 |
 Fiber (g/day)c,d | 24.3±4.7 | 25.3±4.7 | 24.0±4.5 | 24.6±4.4 | 23.2±4.9 |
 Vitamin C (mg/day)c | 107±42.1 | 109±43.8 | 105±36.4 | 109±41.4 | 107±46.9 |
 Calcium (mg/day)c | 1058±297 | 1065±333 | 1065±293 | 1073±281 | 1028±281 |
 Alcohol (g/day) | 7.2 [1.1-18.0] | 6.9 [1.0-12.1] | 8.2 [1.7-18.1] | 7.5 [1.1-18.2] | 5.9 [0.7-22.7] |
 Vitamin K1 (mg/day)c | 185±75.8 | 189±76.9 | 192±69.8 | 184±83.1 | 172±72.2 |
 Vitamin K2 (mg/day)c | 35.4±13.6 | 37.7±16.4 | 35.6 ±12.2 | 33.2±13.1 | 35.0±12.1 |
 Total vitamin K (mg/day)c | 220±77.9 | 227±79.7 | 227±71.2 | 218±85.0 | 207±74.3 |
 Short-chain vit K2 (mg/day)c | 22.6±7.5 | 23.0±8.4 | 23.9±7.1 | 21.1±7.6 | 22.6±6.8 |
 Long-chain vit K2 (mg/day)c | 12.2±10.5 | 14.1±13.3 | 11.2 ±9.6 | 11.6 ±8.7 | 11.8±9.5 |