Table 2 Gender differences in perceived healthiness of foods and food components in a Swedish population (N = 554)
Very healthy N (%) | Somewhat healthy N (%) | Somewhat unhealthy N (%) | Very unhealthy N (%) | No opinion N (%) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carbohydrate | 0.218 | |||||
Female | 16 (5) | 131 (43) | 131 (43) | 10 (3) | 16 (5) | |
Male | 20 (8) | 115 (47) | 84 (34) | 11 (5) | 16 (7) | |
Fat | 0.427 | |||||
Female | 35 (12) | 143 (47) | 97 (32) | 18 (6) | 10 (3) | |
Male | 19 (8) | 128 (52) | 74 (30) | 20 (8) | 7 (3) | |
Saturated fat | 0.809 | |||||
Female | 9 (3) | 53 (18) | 111 (37) | 91 (30) | 39 (13) | |
Male | 11 (5) | 49 (20) | 87 (35) | 72 (29) | 28 (11) | |
Alcohol | 0.001 | |||||
Female | 3 (1) | 10 (3) | 146 (48) | 140 (46) | 6 (2) | |
Male | 11 (4) | 23 (9) | 121 (49) | 86 (35) | 7 (3) | |
Sugar | 0.010 | |||||
Female | 2 (0.7) | 10 (3) | 107 (35) | 184 (60) | 3 (1) | |
Male | 1 (0.4) | 13 (5) | 120 (48) | 112 (45) | 2 (0.8) | |
Salt | 0.470 | |||||
Female | 3 (1) | 56 (19) | 201 (66) | 34 (11) | 9 (3) | |
Male | 4 (2) | 47 (19) | 161 (65) | 22 (9) | 14 (6) | |
Gluten | 0.023 | |||||
Female | 5 (2) | 71 (23) | 81 (27) | 18 (6) | 128 (42) | |
Male | 8 (3) | 61 (25) | 51 (21) | 4 (2) | 121 (49) | |
Lactose | 0.370 | |||||
Female | 11 (4) | 76 (25) | 77 (26) | 8 (3) | 128 (43) | |
Male | 4 (2) | 71 (29) | 53 (22) | 5 (2) | 114 (46) | |
Dairy | 0.019 | |||||
Female | 54 (18) | 156 (52) | 61 (20) | 5 (2) | 27 (9) | |
Male | 41 (17) | 159 (64) | 28 (11) | 3 (1) | 16 (7) | |
Red meat | 0.001 | |||||
Female | 8 (3) | 75 (25) | 148 (49) | 51 (17) | 22 (7) | |
Male | 14 (6) | 85 (34) | 116 (47) | 16 (7) | 16 (7) | |
White flour | < 0.001 | |||||
Female | 3 (1) | 27 (9) | 169 (55) | 93 (31) | 13 (4) | |
Male | 5 (2) | 56 (23) | 110 (45) | 48 (20) | 27 (11) | |
Sweetening agents | < 0.001 | |||||
Female | 1 (0.3) | 5 (2) | 87 (29) | 182 (60) | 30 (10) | |
Male | 3 (1) | 15 (6) | 79 (32) | 103 (42) | 47 (19) | |
Preservative agents | < 0.001 | |||||
Female | 0 (0) | 9 (3) | 135 (44) | 119 (39) | 42 (14) | |
Male | 4 (2) | 18 (7) | 109 (44) | 64 (26) | 53 (21) | |
Coloring agents | < 0.001 | |||||
Female | 0 (0) | 4 (1) | 104 (34) | 158 (52) | 39 (13) | |
Male | 4 (2) | 11 (4) | 96 (39) | 81 (33) | 56 (23) |