Multiple micronutrient supplementation improves growth and reduces the risk of anemia among infants in Gaza Strip, Palestine: a prospective randomized community trial

Table 7 Changes in energy, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin D intakes by intervention group ¹

Dietary factors	Experimental group (n = 100)			Control group (n = 100)			Unadjusted p value ^a	Adjusted p value ²
Dietary factors	Baseline	6 months	12 months	Baseline	6 months	12 months	Unadjusted p value ^a	Adjusted p value ²
Energy (kcal)	655 ± 164	784 ± 163**	818 ± 111**	696 ± 167	751 ± 114	835 ± 138**	0.06	0.21
Iron (mg)	7.51 ± 7.40	5.96 ± 7.31	3.35 ± 1.94**	7.90 ± 8.55	5.84 ± 5.18	3.28 ± 1.66**	0.88	0.61
Vitamin A (RAE, mcg)	299.7 ± 120.3	409.7 ± 297.2* ^b	362.37 ± 119.08*	264.32 ± 161.1	340.04 ± 114.80* ^b	367.71 ± 224.24*	0.15	0.32
Vitamin D (mcg)	3.24 ± 2.60	5.19 ± 3.62* ^c	6.97 ± 3.44**	3.85 ± 3.03	6.98 ± 3.27** ^c	6.45 ± 2.67**	0.003*	0.02*

¹ values are mean ± SD
^a p values are group x time of assessment interaction and were obtained by repeated measures ANOVA analysis
Experimental group, MNP and NMS; Control group, NMS only
Difference between groups at same time point is significant (at the 0.05 level) when letters are same
^* Significantly different by paired t-test between baseline and selected time-point in the same intervention group at the 0.05 level
^** Significantly different by paired t-test between baseline and selected time-point in the same intervention group at the 0.001 level
² p value after adjusting for sex (Model 1) at 12 months, groups were compared using one-way ANCOVA

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