Moderate carbohydrate diet with plant protein (MCP)a (n = 981) | Moderate carbohydrate diet with animal protein (MCA)a (n = 2209) | High carbohydrate diet with plant protein (HCP)a (n = 4283) | High carbohydrate diet with animal protein (HCA)a (n = 492) | P valueb | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy (kcal) | 2170.7 ± 29.9c | 2235.3 ± 22.1 | 1871.6 ± 18.2 | 1783.2 ± 38.2 | < 0.0001 |
Energy (% of EER) | 98.4 ± 1.3 | 101.1 ± 0.9 | 85.9 ± 0.8 | 82.2 ± 1.7 | < 0.0001 |
Carbohydrate (g) | 252.0 ± 1.8 | 238.2 ± 1.5 | 348.1 ± 1.5 | 329.6 ± 2.8 | < 0.0001 |
Protein (g) | 64.8 ± 0.7 | 83.5 ± 0.7 | 55.2 ± 0.4 | 68.1 ± 0.7 | < 0.0001 |
Plant protein | 42.3 ± 0.5 | 28.2 ± 0.3 | 38.4 ± 0.3 | 30.0 ± 0.4 | < 0.0001 |
Animal protein | 22.4 ± 0.5 | 55.2 ± 0.6 | 16.7 ± 0.3 | 37.9 ± 0.5 | < 0.0001 |
Fat (g) | 62.1 ± 0.6 | 53.8 ± 0.4 | 24.7 ± 0.3 | 23.9 ± 0.6 | < 0.0001 |
Plant fat | 43.5 ± 0.7 | 23.6 ± 0.4 | 16.7 ± 0.3 | 12.1 ± 0.5 | < 0.0001 |
Animal fat | 18.6 ± 0.5 | 30.1 ± 0.4 | 8.0 ± 0.2 | 11.9 ± 0.4 | < 0.0001 |
Dietary fiber (g) | 23.8 ± 0.5 | 19.7 ± 0.3 | 24.9 ± 0.3 | 21.6 ± 0.6 | < 0.0001 |
Energy from (%) | |||||
Carbohydrate | 56.9 ± 0.1 | 56.1 ± 0.1 | 76.3 ± 0.1 | 73.5 ± 0.1 | < 0.0001 |
Protein | 14.2 ± 0.1 | 18.1 ± 0.1 | 11.9 ± 0.1 | 15.1 ± 0.1 | < 0.0001 |
Fat | 28.9 ± 0.2 | 25.8 ± 0.1 | 11.8 ± 0.1 | 11.4 ± 0.2 | < 0.0001 |
SFA | 8.5 ± 0.1 | 7.7 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.0 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | < 0.0001 |
MUFA | 9.3 ± 0.1 | 8.4 ± 0.1 | 3.3 ± 0.0 | 3.2 ± 0.1 | < 0.0001 |
PUFA | 7.4 ± 0.1 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.0 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | < 0.0001 |