Table 6 Biomarker levels in control and KD-treated breast cancer patients
Variable | Trial Arms | Baseline | Midpoint | 12 weeks | p- value midpoint vs BL | p-value 12wks vs midpoint | p-value 12wks vs BL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lactate | KD | 13.3 ± 11 | 10.8 ± 4 | 10.7 ± 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Control | 13.8 ± 4 | 14.7 ± 6 | 13.3 ± 4 | 0.94 | 0.93 | 1 | |
MD (95% CI) | −0.51(−5.3,4.2) | −3.8 (−7,-0.7) | −2.6 (−4.8,-0.35) | 1 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
LDH (u/l) | KD | 680 ± 643 | 666 ± 770 | 535 ± 517 | 1 | 0.48 | 0.58 |
Control | 706 ± 560 | 627 ± 556 | 472 ± 148 | 1 | 0.36 | 0.12 | |
MD (95% CI) | −25 (− 374,323) | 39 (− 330,409) | 62 (− 145,271) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Ammonia (mcg/dl) | KD | 58 ± 17 | 60 ± 17 | 66 ± 15 | 1 | 1 | 0.69 |
Control | 75 ± 27 | 71 ± 36 | 75 ± 24 | 1 | 0.92 | 1 | |
MD (95% CI) | −17 (−30,3.9) | −11(−29,6.9) | −9 (−20.8,2.4) | 0.03 | 0.43 | 0.49 | |
Albumin (g/dl) | KD | 4.5 ± 0.33 | 4.5 ± 0.26 | 4.5 ± 0.33 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Control | 4.4 ± 0.43 | 4.5 ± 0.37 | 4.5 ± 0.37 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
MD (95% CI) | 0.08(−0.13,0.29 | 0.04-(0.15,0.24) | 0.04 (−0.16,0.2) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ALP | KD | 197 ± 126 | 169 ± 76 | 149 ± 71 | 1 | 1 | 0.99 |
Control | 325 ± 375 | 333 ± 440 | 240 ± 164 | 1 | 0.11 | 0.51 | |
MD (95% CI) | − 127(− 285,29) | −164(−372,44) | −90(− 162,-19) | 0.19 | 0. 13* | 0.02* | |
K (meq/l) | KD | 4.2 ± 0.39 | 4.1 ± 0.43 | 4.1 ± 0.33 | 1 | 0.46 | 0.13 |
Control | 4.2 ± 0.35 | 4.3 ± 0.38 | 4.2 ± 0.37 | 1 | 1 | 0.75 | |
MD95% CI | −0.05 (− 0.26,0.15) | −0.14)0.41,0.12( | −0.10 (−0.29,0.08) | 1 | 0.69 | 0.88 | |
P (mg/Dl) | KD | 4 ± 0.71 | 3.9 ± 0.66 | 4.4 ± 0.88 | 1 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
Control | 4.1 ± 0.92 | 4.2 ± 0.52 | 4.3 ± 0.65 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
MD95% CI | −0.17 (− 0.63,0.28( | −0.24 (0.63,0.14) | 0.07 (−0.34,0.50( | 1 | 0.93 | 1 | |
Mg (mg/dL) | KD | 2.1 ± 0.19 | 2 ± 0.13 | 2 ± 0.19 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Control | 2.1 ± 0.21 | 2 ± 0.19 | 2 ± 0.23 | 0.43 | 0.82 | 1 | |
MD95% CI | −0.001 (− 0.11,0.11) | 0.07 (− 0.03,0.18) | −0.02 (−0.14,0.09) | 1 | 0.76 | 1 | |
Ca (mg/dl) | KD | 9.4 ± 1.2 | 9.4 ± 0.80 | 9.3 ± 0.59 | 0.37 | 1 | 0.16 |
Control | 9/4 ± 0.95 | 9.2 ± 0.78 | 9.4 ± 0.56 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 1 | |
MD95% CI | 0.36 | 0.21 | −0/10 | 0.42 | 1 | 1 | |
Na (meq/l) | KD | 146 ± 43 | 140 ± 3 | 140 ± 2 | 0.83 | 1 | 0.79 |
Control | 138 ± 2.8 | 138 ± 2 | 133 ± 24 | 1 | 0.80 | 0.80 | |
MD 95% CI | 7.9(−9.8,25.7) | 1.9 (0.19,3.6) | 7 (−2.3,17.3) | 0.56 | 1 | 0.63 |