Table 2 Outcome effectiveness in 107 studies of nutrition, physical activity and obesity interventions in young adults
Outcome effective n (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Gender-targeted | Gender-Neutral | |||||
Specific outcome | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Nutrition (n = 29) | Fruit and/or vegetable intake (n = 22) | 17 | 77 | 2 | 100 | 15 | 75 |
Energy intake from fat (n = 2) | 1 | 50 | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 | |
Micronutrient intake (n = 2) | 2 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | |
Whole grain bread intake (n = 1) | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 | |
Diet behaviour score (n = 2) | 1 | 50 | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 | |
Meat consumption (n = 2) | 2 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | |
Total effective studies | 23 | 79 | 6 | 100 | 17 | 74 | |
Physical activity (n = 28) | Time in physical activity (n = 17) | 10 | 59 | 3 | 75 | 7 | 54 |
Steps per day (n = 6) | 5 | 83 | 3 | 100 | 2 | 67 | |
Gym attendance (n = 2) | 2 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | |
Met PA guidelines (n = 1) | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 100 | |
Exercise frequency (n = 4) | 3 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 75 | |
PA score (time x frequency) (n = 1) | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 100 | |
Total effective studies | 20 | 71 | 6 | 86 | 14 | 67 | |
Obesity (n = 36) | Weight (n = 29) | 16 | 55 | 5 | 42 | 10 | 59 |
BMI (n = 11) | 4 | 36 | 1 | 33 | 4 | 50 | |
Waist Circumference (n = 4) | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 50 | |
Visceral fat area (n = 1) | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 100 | |
Total effective studies | 18 | 50 | 5 | 36 | 13 | 59 | |
Nutrition and Physical activity (n = 6) | Met PA guidelines (n = 1) | 1 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 100 |
Exercise frequency (n = 2) | 2 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 100 | |
Time in PA (n = 2) | 1 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 50 | |
Fruit and/or vegetable intake (n = 4) | 2 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 50 | |
Energy intake from fat (n = 2) | 2 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 100 | |
Total effective studies | 5 | 83 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 100 | |
Obesity, Nutrition and Physical activity (n = 5) | Fruit and/or vegetable intake (n = 3) | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 100 |
Time in PA (n = 3) | 1 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 50 | |
Total effective studies | 3 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 75 | |
Obesity and Physical activity (n = 3) | Time in PA (n = 2) | 1 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 50 |
Total effective studies | 1 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 50 | |
All studies (n = 107) | Total effective studies | 70 | 65 | 17 | 57 | 53 | 69 |