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Table 4 Energy, carbohydrate, and fat intake in Chinese lactating mothers

From: Dietary intake in lactating mothers in China 2018: report of a survey

 

Total (n = 954)

Urban (n = 514)

Rural (n = 440)

P-value 1

Median

(P25; P75)

Below EER/EAR/AMDRa

Above EER/EAR/AMDRb

Within AMDRc

Median

(P25; P75)

Below EER/EAR/AMDRa

Above EER/EAR/AMDRb

Within AMDRc

Median

(P25; P75)

Below EER/EAR/AMDRa

Above EER/EAR/AMDRb

Within AMDRc

Energy (kcal/d)

1640.95 (1327.45; 2085.97)

799 (83.8)

155 (16.2)

–

1711.12 (1377.34; 2174.62)

417 (81.1)

97 (18.9)

–

1576.34 (1272.82; 2013.97)

382 (86.8)

58 (13.2)

–

0.001*

Carbohydrate (g/d)

186.24 (134.77; 243.98)

356 (37.3)

598 (62.7)

–

191.75 (136.47; 251.42)

182 (35.4)

332 (64.6)

–

181.53 (133.71; 232.85)

174 (39.5)

266 (60.5)

–

0.154 ns

Fat (g/d)

72.68 (57.27; 90.12)

126 (13.2)

411 (43.1)

417 (43.7)

74.64 (59.87; 93.88)

51 (9.9)

234 (45.5)

229 (44.6)

70.53 (55.88; 87.3)

75 (17)c

177 (40.2)

188 (42.7)

0.002*

SFA (g/d)

16.88 (12.51; 22.2)

–

142 (14.9)

812 (85.1)

17.86 (13.25; 23.24)

–

91 (17.7)

423 (82.3)

15.71 (11.82; 21.4)

–

51 (11.6)

389 (88.4)

0.000*

MUFA (g/d)

31.37 (25.98; 37.46)

218 (22.9)

736 (77.1)

–

32.05 (26.95; 38.54)

95 (18.5)

419 (81.5)

–

30.24 (24.99; 36.71)

123 (28)

317 (72)

–

0.000*

PUFA (g/d)

13.53 (11.10; 17.29)

805 (84.4)

7 (0.7)

142 (14.9)

14.32 (11.55; 17.58)

433 (84.2)

3 (0.6)

78 (15.2)

12.86 (10.61; 16.66)

372 (84.5)

4 (0.9)

64 (14.5)

0.000*

  1. Shown are the energy, carbohydrate, and fat intakes in lactating mothers from urban and rural areas of China in 2018
  2. The data have been presented as number and percentage (n (%))
  3. EER value is especially for energy, and the EER of lactating mothers was 2300 kcal/d
  4. EAR value is for carbohydrates, and the EAR for lactating mothers was 160 g/d
  5. AMDR values are for fat, SAF, MUFA, and PUFA, and these values in lactating mothers were 20–30%E, < 10%E, 25%E, and 7.6–15%E, respectively
  6. %E is the percentage of energy provided by the nutrient as a percentage of total energy
  7. aBelow EER/EAR/AMDR: number and percentage of study participants whose intake of energy and nutrients are below EER/EAR/AMDR
  8. bAbove EER/EAR/AMDR: number and percentage of study participants whose intake of energy and nutrients are above EER/EAR/AMDR
  9. cWithin AMDR: number and percentage of study participants whose intake of energy and nutrients are within the AMDR
  10. 1Statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas (p < 0.05) with Mann-Whitney U test; ns, p > 0.05 non-significant; #p < 0.05 significant
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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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