Table 2 Energy and nutrient intake by category of legume consumption
From: Diet and nutrient status of legume consumers in Sweden: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Non-consumers (n 987) | Quartiles of legume consumption (n 773) | P value | P for trenda | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (low) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 (high) | ||||
Total energy intake, kcal/day | 1923 (556) | 2057** (551) | 1973 (536) | 2042** (601) | 2028* (551) | < 0.001 | 0.06 |
Fat, E% | 33.9 (6.9) | 34.5 (6.2) | 33.5 (5.9) | 34.4 (5.9) | 33.6 (6.4) | 0.78 | 0.50 |
Carbohydrate, E% | 43.3 (7.8) | 42.2 (7.3) | 44.1 (6.8) | 43.2 (7.1) | 44.2 (7.1) | 0.23 | 0.06 |
Dietary fiber, g/day | 19.1 (5.3) | 19.9 (6.2) | 21.0*** (5.2) | 22.2*** (6.1) | 25.5*** (7.3) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Protein, E% | 16.7 (3.4) | 16.5 (3.4) | 16.7 (2.9) | 16.8 (3.1) | 16.7 (3.3) | 0.67 | 0.51 |
Alcohol, g/day | 10.3 (13.2) | 13.0* (14.2) | 9.2 (11.9) | 9.8 (12.9) | 8.5** (13.2) | 0.03 | 0.001 |
Total iron, mg/day | 10.5 (2.9) | 10.6 (2.6) | 10.5 (2.4) | 10.8 (2.3) | 11.6*** (3.0) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Haem iron, mg/day | 1.5 (1.5) | 1.3 (1.0) | 1.2 (0.9) | 1.2*** (1.1) | 1.1*** (1.4) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Iron from legumes, % of total iron intake | 0 | 1.7*** (1.3) | 4.1*** (2.5) | 7.2*** (4.6) | 13.3*** (7.5) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Folate, μg/day | 254 (88) | 250 (62) | 273*** (97) | 274*** (72) | 313*** (118) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Potassium, g/day | 3.1 (0.6) | 3.1 (5.3) | 3.2 (5.6) | 3.3** (6.1) | 3.3*** (6.4) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Magnesium, mg/day | 328 (59.6) | 338* (64) | 344*** (62) | 356*** (64) | 382*** (94) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Thiamin, mg/day | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.2 (0.2) | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.3** (0.3) | 1.3*** (0.3) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Zinc, mg/day | 11.1 (2.2) | 10.8 (2.1) | 10.9 (2.0) | 11.2 (2.0) | 11.1 (2.3) | 0.71 | 0.23 |
Calcium, mg/day | 896.3 (247.6) | 874.1 (238.9) | 889.4 (245.4) | 910.1 (232.4) | 894.9 (283.4) | 0.81 | 0.48 |
Selenium, μg/day | 45.8 (16.3) | 48.1 (16.4) | 46.1 (14.8) | 46.6 (14.9) | 47.9 (18.2) | 0.13 | 0.41 |
Vitamin B6, mg/day | 2.1 (0.8) | 2.1 (0.8) | 2.1 (0.9) | 2.1 (0.8) | 2.1 (0.6) | 0.26 | 0.22 |
Vitamin D, μg/day | 6.8 (4.0) | 8.0*** (4.4) | 7.4 (4.3) | 7.5* (4.4) | 7.4 (5.8) | 0.01 | 0.57 |