Table 1 Food grouping used in the dietary pattern analyses
Food groups | Food items |
|---|---|
Refined grains | Rice, porridge, rice in soup, noodles,instant noodles,steamed bun, wonton, dumplings, white breads, toasted bread |
Whole grains | Corn, sorghum, millet, oats |
Tubers | Sweet potato, potato, taro |
Vegetables | Wild vegetables, green vegetable, spinach, green peppers, tomato Chinese cabbage, radish, cucumer, eggplant |
Fruit | Apple,pears, peach, apricots,cherries,grapes,bananas,cantaloupe,watermelon, oranges, grapefruit, kiwi,strawberries and et al |
Pickled vegetables | Salted vegetables, Chinese sauerkraut |
Mushrooms | Mushroom, shiitakes, enoki |
Red meat | Pork, mutton, beef |
Poultry and organs | Chicken, duck, liver, animal blood |
Processed and cooked meat | Ham and sausage, sauced pork, roast duck |
Fish and shrimp | Fish, shrimp |
Eggs | Duck eggs, chicken eggs |
Seafood | Sea fish, shrimp, crab,squid, jellyfis, shellfish |
Bacon and salted fish | Salted meat and duck, salted fish |
Salted and preserved eggs | Salted duck and chicken eggs, preserved eggs |
milk | Liquid milk, milk powder, yoghurt |
Cheese | Cheese |
Soya bean and its products | Tofu, dried bean curd, soy milk |
Miscellaneous bean | Mung beans, red beans, hemp beans |
Fats | Lard, butter |
Vegetable oil | Soybean oil, tea oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil |
Fast foods | KFC, Mcdonald,fried dough sticks and twists, fried cakes,pizza |
Nuts | Walnut, peanuts, almonds, melon seeds |
Snacks | Cookies, sachima, bread, cake, ice cream, candy, sweets,potato chips, shrimp roll, popcorn |
Chocolates | Chocolates |
Honey | Honey, hydromel |
Drinks | Coca-cola, sprite, fruit and vegetable drink, fruits juice |
Alcoholic beverages | Beer, fruit wine, grape wine |
Tea | Tea,scented tea, wong Lo Kat |
Coffee | Coffee |