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Table 4 Risk for breast cancer according to quartiles of the low-carbohydrate-diet score with stratification by menopausal status

From: Adherence to the low carbohydrate diet and the risk of breast Cancer in Iran

 

OR (95% CI)

PTrenda

Quartile 1

Quartile 2

Quartile 3

Quartile 4

Total

 No.of cases/controls (412/456)

130/132

87/110

127/140

68/74

 

 Crude

1

0.80 (0.55–1.16)

0.92 (0.65–1.29)

0.93 (0.62–1.40)

0.81

 Model 1

1

0.82 (0.57–1.21)

0.95 (0.67–1.35)

0.93 (0.61–1.41)

0.89

 Model 2

1

0.79 (0.53–1.20)

1.05 (0.73–1.53)

0.97 (0.62–1.51)

0.79

 Model 3

1

0.80 (0.53–1.22)

1.14 (0.76–1.71)

0.99 (0.62–1.58)

0.46

Model 4

1

0.84 (0.55–1.29)

1.22 (0.81–1.84)

1.00 (0.63–1.60)

0.37

Premenopause

 No.of cases/controls (267/300)

90/81

58/76

76/99

43/44

 

 Crude

1

0.68 (0.43–1.08)

0.69 (0.45–1.05)

0.87 (0.52–1.47)

0.28

 Model 1

1

0.70 (0.44–1.11)

0.70 (0.45–1.07)

0.88 (0.52–1.49)

0.31

 Model 2

1

0.64 (0.39–1.06)

0.77 (0.48–1.21)

0.91 (0.52–1.59)

0.55

 Model 3

1

0.68 (0.40–1.14)

0.82 (0.50–1.36)

0.92 (0.51–1.66)

0.75

 Model 4

1

0.72 (0.42–1.22)

0.89 (0.53–1.47)

0.93 (0.51–1.69)

0.88

Postmenopause

 No.of cases/controls (145/147)

40/49

29/33

51/38

25/27

 

 Crude

1

1.07 (0.56–2.06)

1.64 (0.91–2.97)

1.13 (0.57–2.25)

0.23

 Model 1

1

1.13 (0.58–2.18)

1.78 (0.97–3.23)

1.13 (0.57–2.27)

0.18

 Model 2

1

1.09 (0.52–2.31)

1.94 (1.00–3.76)

1.32 (0.61–2.84)

0.11

 Model 3

1

1.18 (0.53–2.61)

2.50 (1.18–5.32)

1.46 (0.65–3.27)

0.06

 Model 4

1

1.20 (0.54–2.66)

2.64 (1.23–5.67)

1.46 (0.65–3.28)

0.05

  1. aTrend based on median values of each quartile
  2. Model 1: Adjusted for age
  3. Model 2: further adjusted for physical activity, family history of breast cancer, menopausal hormone use, education, parity, oral contraceptive use, cigar smoking, alcohol consumption, fertility treatment, marital status
  4. Model 3: further adjusted for vitamin E, iron, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin A
  5. Model 4: additional adjusted for BMI