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Table 4 Associations between “parental concerns about the diets of the child” and “parent and child cooking together”

From: Parent–child cooking meal together may relate to parental concerns about the diets of their toddlers and preschoolers: a cross-sectional analysis in Japan

Parental concerns about the diets of the child

(Dependent variable)

 

Child–parent cooking a meal together (Independent variable)

Model 1

Model 2

OR

95%CI

p

OR

95%CI

p

1

He/she takes too much time for eating (eats slowly).

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.14

0.85

1.53

0.396

1.11

0.83

1.50

0.478

2

He/she is a picky eater (eating only certain foods).

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.39

1.02

1.91

0.039

1.39

1.01

1.91

0.041

3

The amount of food intake is inconsistent (too much or too little, depending on the day).

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.02

0.74

1.41

0.886

1.01

0.73

1.39

0.972

4

He/she plays with food while eating.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.59

1.11

2.28

0.013

1.56

1.08

2.25

0.017

5

He/she desires sweetened beverage or sweets more than a meal.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.13

0.79

1.63

0.499

1.13

0.78

1.64

0.513

6

The amount of food intake is small.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.22

0.82

1.81

0.328

1.22

0.82

1.82

0.324

7

His/her eats too fast to chew well.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.21

0.72

2.04

0.479

1.19

0.70

2.01

0.526

8

He/she stores the food in his/her mouth.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

0.93

0.53

1.62

0.786

0.91

0.52

1.60

0.735

9

He/she is not interested in eating.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.86

0.85

4.05

0.120

1.71

0.78

3.75

0.178

10

He/she eats too much.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

0.57

0.34

0.97

0.040

0.55

0.32

0.94

0.030

11

He/she takes food out of his/her mouth.

yes

1.00

   

1.00

   

no

1.07

0.53

2.16

0.855

0.94

0.46

1.92

0.859

  1. Model 1: adjusted relationship for the child, sex of child, employment status of mother, family living together
  2. Model 2: adjusted relationship for the child, sex of child, employment status of mother, family living together, subjective economic status, leisure time, caregiver of the child during the day
  3. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval