Food consumption frequency and perceived stress and depressive symptoms among students in three European countries

Table 2 Associations between food consumption and perceived stress and depressive symptoms (each food group adjusted solely for country, separate models for males and females and for both mental health indicators)

	Perceived Stress score (PSS)				Depressive Symptoms score (M-BDI)
	Female		Male		Female		Male
Food group	p-value	Estimate*	p-value	Estimate*	p-value	Estimate*	p-value	Estimate*
Sweets	0.04	0.54	0.37	-0.31	0.27	0.59	0.10	-1.11
Cookies	0.13	0.48	0.46	-0.30	0.79	0.17	0.27	-0.89
Snacks	0.04	0.66	0.92	0.04	0.33	0.62	0.34	-0.76
Fast food	0.07	0.55	0.04	0.84	0.57	0.34	0.02	1.85
Fruits	<0.001	-1.17	0.37	-0.32	0.002	-1.69	0.53	-0.45
Salads	<0.001	-1.21	0.23	-0.48	<0.001	-2.55	0.25	-0.88
Vegetables	0.003	-0.82	0.97	-0.01	0.003	-1.62	0.29	0.77
Soft drinks	0.52	-0.14	0.60	0.17	0.05	-0.90	0.55	-0.36
Meat	0.03	-0.52	0.80	0.09	0.003	-1.47	0.24	-0.78
Fish	<0.001	-1.32	0.75	-0.13	0.02	-1.60	0.90	0.10
Milk products	0.009	-0.72	0.34	-0.34	0.06	-1.07	0.08	-1.18
Cereal products	0.17	-0.33	0.17	-0.41	0.17	-0.67	0.07	-1.02

* Change in the corresponding score (PSS or M-BDI) per one unit of the food group frequency scale

ISSN: 1475-2891